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- <text id=89TT2853>
- <title>
- Oct. 30, 1989: Reopening A Deadly Debate
- </title>
- <history>
- TIME--The Weekly Newsmagazine--1989
- Oct. 30, 1989 San Francisco Earthquake
- </history>
- <article>
- <source>Time Magazine</source>
- <hdr>
- NATION, Page 54
- Reopening a Deadly Debate
- </hdr><body>
- <p>The CIA wants to have a freer hand during coups
- </p>
- <p> Should the U.S. Government be involved in coups that might
- result in the assassination of foreign political leaders? That
- old controversy was being debated with new intensity last week
- in Washington. In the wake of this month's failed coup against
- Panama's Manuel Antonio Noriega, the fickle finger of blame is
- being pointed in all directions. It has been aimed at George
- Bush, at Congress, at CIA director William Webster and at the
- coup plotters themselves. Last week it targeted a section of a
- presidential order that bars all direct or indirect U.S.
- involvement in assassinations. The issue was whether American
- officials withheld support for the coup out of fear that
- Noriega might be killed.
- </p>
- <p> The prohibition has a venerable history. It was first
- adopted within the CIA in 1972 by former director Richard Helms.
- "It was bad policy for the U.S. to go around assassinating
- foreign leaders," Helms explains now. "Not only for moral
- reasons but also because in the U.S. nothing can be kept secret
- for very long." He was right. During the following few years,
- a drumbeat of press stories and congressional investigations
- disclosed past attempts by the CIA to kill Congolese ex-Premier
- Patrice Lumumba, Cuba's Fidel Castro and other foreign leaders.
- Though apparently none of these plots succeeded, President
- Gerald Ford included the assassination ban in a 1976 public
- Executive Order regulating U.S. intelligence activities. Every
- President since has adopted the ban with little change.
- </p>
- <p> Senior U.S. officials admit that the curb on assassinations
- did not rule out American assistance to the plotters in Panama.
- Ironically, one reason the coup failed is that the goal was
- only to force Noriega into retirement, not to kill him. Still,
- there is a potential conflict with the ban if the U.S. supports
- a coup in which the death of foreign leaders, though not
- intended, is likely. CIA director Webster last week proposed an
- effort to define the policy more clearly so that CIA officers
- "can go right up to the edge of that authority and not worry if
- they or their agency is going to get in trouble." The Justice
- Department has been asked to prepare a draft for changes.
- </p>
- <p> While many experts agree that Webster has identified a real
- problem, some think the ambiguity should not be resolved.
- "There is a gray area," says Anthony Beilenson, chairman of the
- House Intelligence Committee. "And it ought to remain there. The
- fact that there's a little bit of uncertainty about the
- Executive Order serves a useful purpose. We should be cautious
- when it comes to coups that may lead to assassination." In fact,
- the CIA has procedures for high-level review of operations that
- could violate the ban. And yet a clear distinction between coups
- and assassinations is not always possible. The ban was not
- originally meant to restrict covert political-action operations
- at all, recalls Helms. "A coup d'etat seems to be confused by
- some people with an immaculate conception," he says. "Coups
- involve violence, blood and killing, and they often go in
- unpredictable directions." That is precisely why the risk of
- assassination and U.S. national interest must be weighed in each
- case.
- </p>
-
- </body></article>
- </text>
-
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